Chinese | Pinyin | Translation |
Main dishes
| 米饭 | mǐfàn | (cooked) rice |
| 面条 | miàntiáo | noodles |
| 包子 | bāozi | steamed stuffed bun |
| 饺子 | jiǎozi | jiaozi (Chinese dumpling) |
| 面包 | miànbāo | bread |
| 饼 | bǐng | round flat cake |
Meat / fish / poultry
| 肉 | ròu | meat |
| 猪肉 | zhūròu | pork |
| 牛肉 | niúròu | beef |
| 羊肉 | yángròu | mutton |
| 鸡肉 | jīròu | chicken (as food) |
| 鸭子 | yāzi | duck |
| 鱼 | yú | fish |
| 海鱼 | Hǎiyú | sea fish |
| 淡水鱼 | Dànshuǐ yú | freshwater fish |
| 鸡蛋 | jīdàn | egg |
Vegetables and greens
| 蔬菜 | shūcài | vegetables |
| 豆腐 | dòufu | bean curd, tofu |
| 南瓜 | nánguā | pumpkin |
| 西瓜 | xīguā | watermelon |
| 蘑菇 | mógu | mushroom |
| 双孢蘑菇 | shuāngbāo mógu | champignon |
| 茄子 | qiézi | aubergine (British); eggplant (US) |
| 西红柿 | xīhóngshì | tomato |
Liquid and solid
| 汤 | tāng | boiling water |
| 火锅 | huǒguō | hotpot |
Cooking methods
| 炒 | chǎo | stir-fry, fry while stirring |
| 煎 | jiān | fry, simmer in water |
| 煎鱼 | Jiān yú | fry fish |
| 煎肉丸子 | Jiān ròu wánzi | fried meatball |
| 清蒸 | qīngzhēng | steam in clear soup without soy sauce |
| 烤 | kǎo | bake, warm oneself up |
Sharp / not sharp
| 辣 | là | spicy |
| 麻 | má | used in spicy dishes |
| 清 | qīng | used in fresh, non-spicy dishes |
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