Structural particle 的 “de” (Chinese Grammar)

的 [de]

1. 的 [de] – a possessive particle, placed after pronouns, not used to denote family and close relationships.

Examples:

Chinese
Pinyin
English
我妈妈wǒ māmamy mother
我家Wǒjiāmy home
我国wǒ guómy country

2. 的 [de] – is placed between the description and the subject.

Examples:

Chinese
Pinyin
English
好喝的茶hǎo hē de cháDelicious tea
容易的语言róng yì de yǔ yánEasy language
漂亮的餐厅Piàoliang de cāntīngBeautiful restaurant

If the description consists of one character, then 的 [de] is not used.

Examples:

Chinese
Pinyin
English
旧书JiùshūOld book
红茶Hóngcháblack tea
绿色汽车Lǜsè qìchēGreen car

If this description is preceded by 很 [hěn] “very” / 太 [tài] “too” / another adverb, then 的 [de] is still required:

Examples:

Chinese
Pinyin
English
很旧的书hěn jiù de shūVery old book
很好的茶hěn hǎo de chávery good tea
太红的汽车Tài hóng de qìchēToo red car

的 [de] is sometimes used to replace the noun in question in context to avoid tautology.

Chinese
Pinyin
English
你的衣服是什么颜色的?Nǐ de yīfú shì shénme yánsè de?What color is your clothes?
红的Hóng deRed

的 [de] does not fit between a character and a noun when soldering (always used together).

Chinese
Pinyin
English
法语语法Fǎyǔ yǔfǎFrench grammar

Tests

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